General troubleshooting

If you only have 2 minutes, use this page as a triage front door.

First 60 seconds

Run this exact ladder in order:

openclaw status
openclaw status --all
openclaw gateway probe
openclaw gateway status
openclaw doctor
openclaw channels status --probe
openclaw logs --follow

Good output in one line:

openclaw status → shows configured channels and no obvious auth errors.
openclaw status --all → full report is present and shareable.
openclaw gateway probe → expected gateway target is reachable (Reachable: yes). Capability: ... tells you what auth level the probe could prove, and Read probe: limited - missing scope: operator.read is degraded diagnostics, not a connect failure.
openclaw gateway status → Runtime: running, Connectivity probe: ok, and a plausible Capability: ... line. Use --require-rpc if you need read-scope RPC proof too.
openclaw doctor → no blocking config/service errors.
openclaw channels status --probe → reachable gateway returns live per-account transport state plus probe/audit results such as works or audit ok; if the gateway is unreachable, the command falls back to config-only summaries.
openclaw logs --follow → steady activity, no repeating fatal errors.

Assistant feels limited or missing tools

If the assistant cannot inspect files, run commands, use browser automation, or see expected tools, check the effective tool profile first:

openclaw status
openclaw status --all
openclaw doctor

Common causes:

tools.profile: "messaging" is intentionally narrow for chat-only agents.
tools.profile: "coding" is the usual profile for repository, file, shell, and runtime workflows.
tools.profile: "full" exposes the broadest tool set and should be limited to trusted operator-controlled agents.
Per-agent agents.list[].tools overrides can narrow or expand the root profile for one agent.

Change the root or per-agent tool profile, then restart or reload the Gateway and run openclaw status --all again. See Tools for the profile model and allow/deny overrides.

Anthropic long context 429

If you see: HTTP 429: rate_limit_error: Extra usage is required for long context requests, go to /gateway/troubleshooting#anthropic-429-extra-usage-required-for-long-context.

Local OpenAI-compatible backend works directly but fails in OpenClaw

If your local or self-hosted /v1 backend answers small direct /v1/chat/completions probes but fails on openclaw infer model run or normal agent turns:

If the error mentions messages[].content expecting a string, set models.providers.<provider>.models[].compat.requiresStringContent: true.
If the backend still fails only on OpenClaw agent turns, set models.providers.<provider>.models[].compat.supportsTools: false and retry.
If tiny direct calls still work but larger OpenClaw prompts crash the backend, treat the remaining issue as an upstream model/server limitation and continue in the deep runbook: /gateway/troubleshooting#local-openai-compatible-backend-passes-direct-probes-but-agent-runs-fail

Plugin install fails with missing openclaw extensions

If install fails with package.json missing openclaw.extensions, the plugin package is using an old shape that OpenClaw no longer accepts.

Fix in the plugin package:

Add openclaw.extensions to package.json.
Point entries at built runtime files (usually ./dist/index.js).
Republish the plugin and run openclaw plugins install <package> again.

Example:

{
  "name": "@openclaw/my-plugin",
  "version": "1.2.3",
  "openclaw": {
    "extensions": ["./dist/index.js"]
  }
}

Reference: Plugin architecture

Plugin present but blocked by suspicious ownership

If openclaw doctor, setup, or startup warnings show:

blocked plugin candidate: suspicious ownership (... uid=1000, expected uid=0 or root)
plugin present but blocked

the plugin files are owned by a different Unix user than the process loading them. Do not remove the plugin config. Fix the file ownership or run OpenClaw as the same user that owns the state directory.

Docker installs normally run as node (uid 1000). For the default Docker setup, repair the host bind mounts:

sudo chown -R 1000:1000 /path/to/openclaw-config /path/to/openclaw-workspace
openclaw doctor --fix

If you intentionally run OpenClaw as root, repair the managed plugin root to root ownership instead:

sudo chown -R root:root /path/to/openclaw-config/npm
openclaw doctor --fix

Deeper docs:

Decision tree

flowchart TD
  A[OpenClaw is not working] --> B{What breaks first}
  B --> C[No replies]
  B --> D[Dashboard or Control UI will not connect]
  B --> E[Gateway will not start or service not running]
  B --> F[Channel connects but messages do not flow]
  B --> G[Cron or heartbeat did not fire or did not deliver]
  B --> H[Node is paired but camera canvas screen exec fails]
  B --> I[Browser tool fails]

  C --> C1[/No replies section/]
  D --> D1[/Control UI section/]
  E --> E1[/Gateway section/]
  F --> F1[/Channel flow section/]
  G --> G1[/Automation section/]
  H --> H1[/Node tools section/]
  I --> I1[/Browser section/]

No replies

openclaw status
openclaw gateway status
openclaw channels status --probe
openclaw pairing list --channel

[—account

] openclaw logs —follow ```

Good output looks like:

- `Runtime: running`
- `Connectivity probe: ok`
- `Capability: read-only`, `write-capable`, or `admin-capable`
- Your channel shows transport connected and, where supported, `works` or `audit ok` in `channels status --probe`
- Sender appears approved (or DM policy is open/allowlist)

Common log signatures:

- `drop guild message (mention required` → mention gating blocked the message in Discord.
- `pairing request` → sender is unapproved and waiting for DM pairing approval.
- `blocked` / `allowlist` in channel logs → sender, room, or group is filtered.

Deep pages:

- [/gateway/troubleshooting#no-replies](/en/gateway/troubleshooting#no-replies)
- [/channels/troubleshooting](/en/channels/troubleshooting)
- [/channels/pairing](/en/channels/pairing)

Dashboard or Control UI will not connect

openclaw status
openclaw gateway status
openclaw logs --follow
openclaw doctor
openclaw channels status --probe

Good output looks like:

Dashboard: http://... is shown in openclaw gateway status
Connectivity probe: ok
Capability: read-only, write-capable, or admin-capable
No auth loop in logs

Common log signatures:

device identity required → HTTP/non-secure context cannot complete device auth.
origin not allowed → browser Origin is not allowed for the Control UI gateway target.
AUTH_TOKEN_MISMATCH with retry hints (canRetryWithDeviceToken=true) → one trusted device-token retry may occur automatically.
That cached-token retry reuses the cached scope set stored with the paired device token. Explicit deviceToken / explicit scopes callers keep their requested scope set instead.
On the async Tailscale Serve Control UI path, failed attempts for the same {scope, ip} are serialized before the limiter records the failure, so a second concurrent bad retry can already show retry later.
too many failed authentication attempts (retry later) from a localhost browser origin → repeated failures from that same Origin are temporarily locked out; another localhost origin uses a separate bucket.
repeated unauthorized after that retry → wrong token/password, auth mode mismatch, or stale paired device token.
gateway connect failed: → UI is targeting the wrong URL/port or unreachable gateway.

Deep pages:

Gateway will not start or service installed but not running

openclaw status
openclaw gateway status
openclaw logs --follow
openclaw doctor
openclaw channels status --probe

Good output looks like:

Service: ... (loaded)
Runtime: running
Connectivity probe: ok
Capability: read-only, write-capable, or admin-capable

Common log signatures:

Gateway start blocked: set gateway.mode=local or existing config is missing gateway.mode → gateway mode is remote, or the config file is missing the local-mode stamp and should be repaired.
refusing to bind gateway ... without auth → non-loopback bind without a valid gateway auth path (token/password, or trusted-proxy where configured).
another gateway instance is already listening or EADDRINUSE → port already taken.

Deep pages:

Channel connects but messages do not flow

openclaw status
openclaw gateway status
openclaw logs --follow
openclaw doctor
openclaw channels status --probe

Good output looks like:

Channel transport is connected.
Pairing/allowlist checks pass.
Mentions are detected where required.

Common log signatures:

mention required → group mention gating blocked processing.
pairing / pending → DM sender is not approved yet.
not_in_channel, missing_scope, Forbidden, 401/403 → channel permission token issue.

Deep pages:

Cron or heartbeat did not fire or did not deliver

openclaw status
openclaw gateway status
openclaw cron status
openclaw cron list
openclaw cron runs --id

—limit 20 openclaw logs —follow

Good output looks like:

- `cron.status` shows enabled with a next wake.
- `cron runs` shows recent `ok` entries.
- Heartbeat is enabled and not outside active hours.

Common log signatures:

- `cron: scheduler disabled; jobs will not run automatically` → cron is disabled.
- `heartbeat skipped` with `reason=quiet-hours` → outside configured active hours.
- `heartbeat skipped` with `reason=empty-heartbeat-file` → `HEARTBEAT.md` exists but only contains blank/header-only scaffolding.
- `heartbeat skipped` with `reason=no-tasks-due` → `HEARTBEAT.md` task mode is active but none of the task intervals are due yet.
- `heartbeat skipped` with `reason=alerts-disabled` → all heartbeat visibility is disabled (`showOk`, `showAlerts`, and `useIndicator` are all off).
- `requests-in-flight` → main lane busy; heartbeat wake was deferred.
- `unknown accountId` → heartbeat delivery target account does not exist.

Deep pages:

- [/gateway/troubleshooting#cron-and-heartbeat-delivery](/en/gateway/troubleshooting#cron-and-heartbeat-delivery)
- [/automation/cron-jobs#troubleshooting](/en/automation/cron-jobs#troubleshooting)
- [/gateway/heartbeat](/en/gateway/heartbeat)

Node is paired but tool fails camera canvas screen exec

openclaw status
openclaw gateway status
openclaw nodes status
openclaw nodes describe --node

openclaw logs —follow

Good output looks like:

- Node is listed as connected and paired for role `node`.
- Capability exists for the command you are invoking.
- Permission state is granted for the tool.

Common log signatures:

- `NODE_BACKGROUND_UNAVAILABLE` → bring node app to foreground.
- `*_PERMISSION_REQUIRED` → OS permission was denied/missing.
- `SYSTEM_RUN_DENIED: approval required` → exec approval is pending.
- `SYSTEM_RUN_DENIED: allowlist miss` → command not on exec allowlist.

Deep pages:

- [/gateway/troubleshooting#node-paired-tool-fails](/en/gateway/troubleshooting#node-paired-tool-fails)
- [/nodes/troubleshooting](/en/nodes/troubleshooting)
- [/tools/exec-approvals](/en/tools/exec-approvals)

Exec suddenly asks for approval

openclaw config get tools.exec.host
openclaw config get tools.exec.security
openclaw config get tools.exec.ask
openclaw gateway restart

What changed:

If tools.exec.host is unset, the default is auto.
host=auto resolves to sandbox when a sandbox runtime is active, gateway otherwise.
host=auto is routing only; the no-prompt “YOLO” behavior comes from security=full plus ask=off on gateway/node.
On gateway and node, unset tools.exec.security defaults to full.
Unset tools.exec.ask defaults to off.
Result: if you are seeing approvals, some host-local or per-session policy tightened exec away from the current defaults.

Restore current default no-approval behavior:

openclaw config set tools.exec.host gateway
openclaw config set tools.exec.security full
openclaw config set tools.exec.ask off
openclaw gateway restart

Safer alternatives:

Set only tools.exec.host=gateway if you just want stable host routing.
Use security=allowlist with ask=on-miss if you want host exec but still want review on allowlist misses.
Enable sandbox mode if you want host=auto to resolve back to sandbox.

Common log signatures:

Approval required. → command is waiting on /approve ....
SYSTEM_RUN_DENIED: approval required → node-host exec approval is pending.
exec host=sandbox requires a sandbox runtime for this session → implicit/explicit sandbox selection but sandbox mode is off.

Deep pages:

Browser tool fails

openclaw status
openclaw gateway status
openclaw browser status
openclaw logs --follow
openclaw doctor

Good output looks like:

Browser status shows running: true and a chosen browser/profile.
openclaw starts, or user can see local Chrome tabs.

Common log signatures:

unknown command "browser" or unknown command 'browser' → plugins.allow is set and does not include browser.
Failed to start Chrome CDP on port → local browser launch failed.
browser.executablePath not found → configured binary path is wrong.
browser.cdpUrl must be http(s) or ws(s) → the configured CDP URL uses an unsupported scheme.
browser.cdpUrl has invalid port → the configured CDP URL has a bad or out-of-range port.
No Chrome tabs found for profile="user" → the Chrome MCP attach profile has no open local Chrome tabs.
`Remote CDP for profile ”

” is not reachable→ the configured remote CDP endpoint is not reachable from this host. -Browser attachOnly is enabled … not reachableorBrowser attachOnly is enabled and CDP websocket … is not reachable→ attach-only profile has no live CDP target. - stale viewport / dark-mode / locale / offline overrides on attach-only or remote CDP profiles → runopenclaw browser stop —browser-profile

` to close the active control session and release emulation state without restarting the gateway.

Deep pages:

- [/gateway/troubleshooting#browser-tool-fails](/en/gateway/troubleshooting#browser-tool-fails)
- [/tools/browser#missing-browser-command-or-tool](/en/tools/browser#missing-browser-command-or-tool)
- [/tools/browser-linux-troubleshooting](/en/tools/browser-linux-troubleshooting)
- [/tools/browser-wsl2-windows-remote-cdp-troubleshooting](/en/tools/browser-wsl2-windows-remote-cdp-troubleshooting)

FAQ — frequently asked questions
Gateway Troubleshooting — gateway-specific issues
Doctor — automated health checks and repairs
Channel Troubleshooting — channel connectivity issues
Automation Troubleshooting — cron and heartbeat issues

General troubleshooting

First 60 seconds

Assistant feels limited or missing tools

Anthropic long context 429

Local OpenAI-compatible backend works directly but fails in OpenClaw

Plugin install fails with missing openclaw extensions

Plugin present but blocked by suspicious ownership

Decision tree

Related