常备指令
常备指令授予您的代理针对定义程序的永久操作权限。无需每次都给出单独的任务指令,您可以定义具有明确范围、触发器和升级规则的程序 —— 代理在这些边界内自主执行。
这就是每周五告诉助理“发送周报”与授予常备权限的区别:“你负责周报。每周五汇编并发送,只有当出现问题时才升级处理。”
为什么需要常备指令?
Section titled “为什么需要常备指令?”没有常备指令:
- 您必须针对每项任务提示代理
- 代理在请求之间处于空闲状态
- 例行工作会被遗忘或延迟
- 您成为瓶颈
拥有常备指令:
- 代理在定义的边界内自主执行
- 例行工作按计划进行,无需提示
- 您只需参与异常处理和审批
- 代理有效地利用空闲时间
常备指令在您的代理工作区文件中定义。推荐的方法是将其直接包含在 AGENTS.md 中(每次会话都会自动注入),以便代理始终掌握上下文。对于较大的配置,您也可以将其放置在专用文件(如 standing-orders.md)中,并从 AGENTS.md 中引用。
每个程序指定:
- 范围 —— 代理被授权执行的操作
- 触发器 —— 何时执行(计划、事件或条件)
- 审批关口 —— 操作前需要人工签署的内容
- 升级规则 —— 何时停止并寻求帮助
代理通过工作区引导文件在每个会话中加载这些指令(有关自动注入文件的完整列表,请参阅 代理工作区),并结合 cron 作业 执行基于时间的强制执行。
常驻指令剖析
Section titled “常驻指令剖析”## Program: Weekly Status Report
**Authority:** Compile data, generate report, deliver to stakeholders**Trigger:** Every Friday at 4 PM (enforced via cron job)**Approval gate:** None for standard reports. Flag anomalies for human review.**Escalation:** If data source is unavailable or metrics look unusual (>2σ from norm)
### Execution Steps
1. Pull metrics from configured sources2. Compare to prior week and targets3. Generate report in Reports/weekly/YYYY-MM-DD.md4. Deliver summary via configured channel5. Log completion to Agent/Logs/
### What NOT to Do
- Do not send reports to external parties- Do not modify source data- Do not skip delivery if metrics look bad — report accurately常驻指令 + Cron 作业
Section titled “常驻指令 + Cron 作业”常驻指令定义了代理被授权做什么。Cron 作业 定义了何时执行。它们协同工作:
Standing Order: "You own the daily inbox triage" ↓Cron Job (8 AM daily): "Execute inbox triage per standing orders" ↓Agent: Reads standing orders → executes steps → reports resultsCron 作业提示词应引用常驻指令,而不是重复它:
openclaw cron add \ --name daily-inbox-triage \ --cron "0 8 * * 1-5" \ --tz America/New_York \ --timeout-seconds 300 \ --announce \ --channel bluebubbles \ --to "+1XXXXXXXXXX" \ --message "Execute daily inbox triage per standing orders. Check mail for new alerts. Parse, categorize, and persist each item. Report summary to owner. Escalate unknowns."示例 1:内容与社交媒体(每周循环)
Section titled “示例 1:内容与社交媒体(每周循环)”## Program: Content & Social Media
**Authority:** Draft content, schedule posts, compile engagement reports**Approval gate:** All posts require owner review for first 30 days, then standing approval**Trigger:** Weekly cycle (Monday review → mid-week drafts → Friday brief)
### Weekly Cycle
- **Monday:** Review platform metrics and audience engagement- **Tuesday–Thursday:** Draft social posts, create blog content- **Friday:** Compile weekly marketing brief → deliver to owner
### Content Rules
- Voice must match the brand (see SOUL.md or brand voice guide)- Never identify as AI in public-facing content- Include metrics when available- Focus on value to audience, not self-promotion示例 2:财务运营(事件触发)
Section titled “示例 2:财务运营(事件触发)”## Program: Financial Processing
**Authority:** Process transaction data, generate reports, send summaries**Approval gate:** None for analysis. Recommendations require owner approval.**Trigger:** New data file detected OR scheduled monthly cycle
### When New Data Arrives
1. Detect new file in designated input directory2. Parse and categorize all transactions3. Compare against budget targets4. Flag: unusual items, threshold breaches, new recurring charges5. Generate report in designated output directory6. Deliver summary to owner via configured channel
### Escalation Rules
- Single item > $500: immediate alert- Category > budget by 20%: flag in report- Unrecognizable transaction: ask owner for categorization- Failed processing after 2 retries: report failure, do not guess示例 3:监控与警报(持续)
Section titled “示例 3:监控与警报(持续)”## Program: System Monitoring
**Authority:** Check system health, restart services, send alerts**Approval gate:** Restart services automatically. Escalate if restart fails twice.**Trigger:** Every heartbeat cycle
### Checks
- Service health endpoints responding- Disk space above threshold- Pending tasks not stale (>24 hours)- Delivery channels operational
### Response Matrix
| Condition | Action | Escalate? || ---------------- | ------------------------ | ------------------------ || Service down | Restart automatically | Only if restart fails 2x || Disk space < 10% | Alert owner | Yes || Stale task > 24h | Remind owner | No || Channel offline | Log and retry next cycle | If offline > 2 hours |执行-验证-报告模式
Section titled “执行-验证-报告模式”常驻指令在与严格的执行纪律相结合时效果最佳。常驻指令中的每个任务都应遵循此循环:
- 执行 — 做实际的工作(不要只是确认收到指令)
- 验证 — 确认结果正确(文件存在、消息已发送、数据已解析)
- 报告 — 告知所有者做了什么以及验证了什么
### Execution Rules
- Every task follows Execute-Verify-Report. No exceptions.- "I'll do that" is not execution. Do it, then report.- "Done" without verification is not acceptable. Prove it.- If execution fails: retry once with adjusted approach.- If still fails: report failure with diagnosis. Never silently fail.- Never retry indefinitely — 3 attempts max, then escalate.此模式可以防止最常见的代理故障模式:确认任务但未完成。
对于管理多项事务的代理,请将常驻指令组织为具有明确边界的独立程序:
# Standing Orders
## Program 1: [Domain A] (Weekly)
...
## Program 2: [Domain B] (Monthly + On-Demand)
...
## Program 3: [Domain C] (As-Needed)
...
## Escalation Rules (All Programs)
- [Common escalation criteria]- [Approval gates that apply across programs]每个程序应具有:
- 其自身的触发频率(每周、每月、事件驱动、持续)
- 其自身的审批关卡(某些程序需要比其他程序更多的监督)
- 清晰的边界(代理应知道一个程序在哪里结束,另一个程序在哪里开始)
- 从狭窄的权限开始,随着信任的建立逐步扩大
- 为高风险操作定义明确的审批关卡
- 包含“禁止做什么”的部分 —— 边界与权限同样重要
- 结合 Cron 作业以实现可靠的基于时间的执行
- 每周审查代理日志,以验证常驻指令得到遵守
- 随着需求的发展更新常驻指令 —— 它们是活的文档
- 第一天就授予广泛的权限(“做任何你认为最好的事情”)
- 跳过升级规则——每个程序都需要一个“何时停止并询问”的条款
- 假设代理会记住口头指令——把所有内容都写进文件里
- 在单个程序中混合关注点——为不同领域分离程序
- 忘记使用 cron 作业强制执行——没有触发器的长期命令只是建议